Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
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R. Droms · 1997-03
Abstract
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provides a framework for passing configuration information to hosts on a TCP/IP network. DHCP is built on the BOOTP protocol (RFC 951) and allows network devices to automatically receive an IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server addresses, and other parameters from a DHCP server, eliminating the need for manual configuration.
Why This RFC Matters
DHCP is the protocol that enables plug-and-play networking for billions of devices. Without it, every computer, smartphone, and IoT device would require manual IP address configuration before connecting to a network. The four-step DORA process (Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge) defined in RFC 2131 is implemented in virtually every operating system and network device. DHCP also enabled address reuse, making efficient use of limited IPv4 address space in enterprise and ISP environments. RFC 2131 superseded RFC 1541.