Hypertext Transfer Protocol — HTTP/1.1
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R. Fielding, J. Gettys, J. Mogul, H. Frystyk, L. Masinter, P. Leach, T. Berners-Lee · 1999-06
Abstract
RFC 2616 defines HTTP/1.1, the revision of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol that introduced persistent connections, chunked transfer encoding, additional cache control mechanisms, content negotiation, and virtual hosting via the Host header. HTTP/1.1 operates as a request-response protocol over TCP, typically on port 80 (or 443 with TLS for HTTPS).
Why This RFC Matters
RFC 2616 defined the HTTP/1.1 specification that powered the World Wide Web for over fifteen years, enabling the rise of e-commerce, social media, and web applications. Its introduction of persistent connections dramatically reduced latency by eliminating the need to open a new TCP connection for every resource. Despite being superseded by the more precise RFC 7230–7235 series (2014) and later consolidated into RFC 9110–9112 (2022), RFC 2616 remains one of the most-read technical specifications in Internet history. It was formally obsoleted by RFC 7230 through RFC 7235.